Evaluating SRv6 architecture, migration paths and operational impacts in service‑provider networks

Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) has been the foundation of service-provider networks for many years, supporting traffic engineering and scalable VPN services. However, modern networks now demand greater programmability, automation, and native IPv6 support, which adds complexity to traditional MPLS operations. Segment Routing over IPv6 (SRv6) offers a new approach by embedding forwarding instructions directly into IPv6 packet headers, removing the need for separate label-distribution protocols and enabling more flexible traffic control. This paper evaluates SRv6 as a natural evolution of MPLS by comparing the architectures of MPLS, SR-MPLS, and SRv6, and by examining practical migration strategies for service providers. The aim is to provide a clear and measurable understanding of SRv6 architecture, migration options, and operational impact to support real-world deployment decisions.